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			<front>
			<journal-meta>
				<journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">vestnik</journal-id>
				<journal-title-group>
					<journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экологический вестник научных центров Черноморского экономического сотрудничества</journal-title>
					<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
						<trans-title>Ecological Bulletin of Research Centers of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
				</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5459</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Кубанский государственный университет</publisher-name>
				<publisher-loc>RU</publisher-loc>
			</publisher>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kubsu.ru/" />
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">638</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original article</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title xml:lang="ru">Особенности определения матриц рассеяния нелинейных СВЧ-устройств с помощью X-параметров</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>Features of defining the scattering matrix of non-linear microwave devices using X-parameters</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group content-type="author">
				<contrib >
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Фролов Д.Р.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Фролов</surname>
							<given-names>Даниил Русланович</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Frolov</surname>
							<given-names>Daniil R.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>frolov.drf@gmail.com</email>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант физико-технического факультета Кубанского государственного университета</p></bio>
				</contrib>
				<contrib >
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Левченко А.С.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Левченко</surname>
							<given-names>Антон Сергеевич</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Levchenko</surname>
							<given-names>Anton S.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>poorly@mail.ru</email>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры оптоэлектроники Кубанского государственного университета</p></bio>
				</contrib>
				<contrib >
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Коротков К.С.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Коротков</surname>
							<given-names>Константин Станиславович</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Korotkov</surname>
							<given-names>Konstantin S.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>korsar@phys.kubsu.ru</email>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, профессор кафедры оптоэлектроники Кубанского государственного университета</p></bio>
				</contrib>
				<contrib >
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Бабенко А.А.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Бабенко</surname>
							<given-names>Аким Алексеевич</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Babenko</surname>
							<given-names>Akim A.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>akbabenko@mail.ru</email>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент физико-технического факультета Кубанского государственного университета</p></bio>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный университет, Краснодар</institution><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="en">Kuban State University, Krasnodar</institution></aff>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-06-25" publication-format="ppub">
				<day>25</day>
				<month>06</month>
				<year>2015</year>
			</pub-date>
			<issue>2</issue>
				<fpage>82</fpage>
				<lpage>88</lpage>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-04-21">
					<day>21</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2015</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-04-30">
					<day>30</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2015</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-06-25">
					<day>25</day>
					<month>06</month>
					<year>2015</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2015 Фролов Д.Р., Левченко А.С., Коротков К.С., Бабенко А.А.</copyright-statement>
				<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
				<copyright-holder>Фролов Д.Р., Левченко А.С., Коротков К.С., Бабенко А.А.</copyright-holder>
				<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
					<license-p>Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kubsu.ru/article/view/638" />
			<abstract xml:lang="en">
				<p>We propose a theoretical analysis of method for determining scattering parameters of frequency converters by measuring <italic>X</italic>-parameters with non-linear vector network analyzer (NVNA). Analysis uses flow graphs theory. Diagrams of NVNA calibration and their equivalent flow graphs in <italic>X</italic>-parameters system are presented. Expressions are obtained for uncertainties of determining complex transmittion coefficients of frequency converters under test by NVNA, calibrated by a comb generator standard. The analysis showed that the process of defining components of <italic>X</italic>-matrix of non-linear device under test using a comb generator is equal to the process of defining components of <italic>S</italic>-matrix of non-linear device under test using a reference mixer or frequency converter. Therefore in this type of measurements it is possible to determine only relative scattering parameters of frequency converter under test and in this case a comb generator becomes a new type of standard, that is much more broadband and universal. Consequently by using the studied calibration procedure it is impossible to define true phase response and group delay of frequency converter under test if true phase response and group delay of comb generator are unknown.</p>
			</abstract>
			<abstract xml:lang="ru">
				<p>Проведен теоретический анализ метода определения комплексных коэффициентов передачи преобразователей частоты с помощью векторного анализатора нелинейных цепей с применением теории <italic>X</italic>-параметров. Рассмотрен процесс калибровки векторного анализатора нелинейных цепей с помощью генератора комбинационных частот. Получены выражения для погрешностей определения комплексных коэффициентов передачи испытуемых преобразователей частоты с помощью анализатора нелинейных цепей, при его калибровке с помощью генератора комбинационных частот. Показано, что в результате подобных измерений истинный сдвиг фаз генератора комбинационных частот остается неизвестным и поэтому определение параметров рассеяния испытуемых СВЧ-смесителей методом <italic>X</italic>-параметров носит относительный характер.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
				<kwd>X-параметры</kwd>
				<kwd>СВЧ-измерения</kwd>
				<kwd>преобразователь частоты</kwd>
				<kwd>анализатор цепей</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>X-parameters</kwd>
				<kwd>microwave measurements</kwd>
				<kwd>frequency converter</kwd>
				<kwd>network analyzer</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts><page-count count="7" /></counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body></body>
	<back>
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</article>