<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article
			xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
			xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
			xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
			
			xml:lang="ru">
			<front>
			<journal-meta>
				<journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">vestnik</journal-id>
				<journal-title-group>
					<journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экологический вестник научных центров Черноморского экономического сотрудничества</journal-title>
					<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
						<trans-title>Ecological Bulletin of Research Centers of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
				</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5459</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Кубанский государственный университет</publisher-name>
				<publisher-loc>RU</publisher-loc>
			</publisher>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kubsu.ru/" />
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">834</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31429/vestnik-15-3-39-51</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original article</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru"><subject>Механика</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en"><subject>Mechanics</subject></subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title xml:lang="ru">Простая акустическая модель неконсолидированных морских осадков с внутренним и вязким трением</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>A simple acoustic model of unconsolidated marine sediments with internal friction and viscous dissipation</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group content-type="author">
				<contrib >
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Лисютин В.А.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Лисютин</surname>
							<given-names>Виктор Александрович</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Lisyutin</surname>
							<given-names>Viktor A.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>vlisiutin@mail.ru</email>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры физики Севастопольского государственного университета</p></bio>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="ru">Севастопольский государственный университет, Севастополь</institution><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="en">Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol</institution></aff>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-29" publication-format="ppub">
				<day>29</day>
				<month>09</month>
				<year>2018</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>15</volume>
			<issue>3</issue>
				<fpage>39</fpage>
				<lpage>51</lpage>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-08-06">
					<day>06</day>
					<month>08</month>
					<year>2018</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-08-25">
					<day>25</day>
					<month>08</month>
					<year>2018</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-29">
					<day>29</day>
					<month>09</month>
					<year>2018</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2018 Лисютин В.А.</copyright-statement>
				<copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
				<copyright-holder>Лисютин В.А.</copyright-holder>
				<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
					<license-p>Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kubsu.ru/article/view/834" />
			<abstract xml:lang="en">
				<p>The main object of research in the shallow water acoustics is the sea floor and marine sediments. An unconsolidated, saturated marine sediment consists of a more or less loose assemblage of mineral grains in contact, with seawater in the pores. In the layer of unconsolidated marine sediments, elastic waves of two types can propagate: longitudinal and shear. The acoustic properties of these waves are phase velocities, attenuation coefficients and their frequency dependences. It has been shown experimentally that in dry granular media the attenuation coefficient is directly proportional to the frequency. In saturated media, deviations from this law are noted, whence it follows that there are two physical mechanisms of dissipation - internal friction and viscous dissipation. In the article, marine sediments are considered as an environment in which there are no elastic bonds between the granules. The propagation and attenuation of the longitudinal and transverse waves is explained by a special intergranular interaction, nonlinear at the microscopic level. The model of the elementary volume of such a medium in the dry state is represented as a generalized Kelvin-Voigt element, consisting of a spring and a springpot, an element combining the conservative properties of the spring and the dissipative properties of the dashpot. Applying the mathematical apparatus of fractional derivatives, we derive a generalized wave equation describing the elementary volume of the medium. Harmonic substitution leads to a dispersion relation for the longitudinal and shear waves. The resulting dispersion relation includes only internal friction. Then, the equations of motion for the longitudinal and transverse waves are corrected, so that the motion of the solid phase and fluid is considered separately. In this case, part of the fluid is considered to be coupled with the solid phase, and some - mobile. The term "percolation porosity" is defined. Harmonic substitution in new, two-phase wave equations gives new dispersion relation, including internal friction and viscous dissipation. The presented theory is called "GS+ED". The results of the GS+ED theory are compared with the experimental data taken from the open sources. It is shown that the GS+ED theory gives a best fit, compared to the theories of GS and Biot-Stoll. An estimate is made of the contribution of internal friction and viscous dissipation to the total attenuation in the propagation of longitudinal and transverse waves. Frequency ranges are defined in which internal or viscous friction is manifested. Evaluation is given for two cases - when the medium represents dense marine sediments and when the medium is a suspension.</p>
			</abstract>
			<abstract xml:lang="ru">
				<p>В статье рассматривается распространение продольной и сдвиговой волн в неконсолидированных морских осадках. Экспериментально показано, что в сухих гранулированных средах коэффициент затухания прямо пропорционален частоте. В насыщенных средах отмечаются отклонения, откуда следует существование двух физических механизмов диссипации - внутреннего и вязкого трения. Среда в сухом состоянии представляется в виде обобщенного элемента Кельвина-Фойгта. Применяя аппарат дробных производных, выводятся волновое и дисперсионное уравнение, включающее только внутреннее трение. Затем, уравнения движения для продольной и поперечной волн корректируется, так что движение твердой фазы и флюида рассматривается раздельно. При этом часть жидкости считается связанной, а часть - подвижной. Определяется понятие "перколяционная пористость". Гармоническая подстановка в новые двухфазные волновые уравнение дает новые дисперсионные уравнения, включающие внутреннее и вязкое трение. Представленная теория называется "GS+ED". Результаты теории "GS+ED" сопоставляются с экспериментальными данными.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
				<kwd>неконсолидированные морские осадки</kwd>
				<kwd>межгранулярное трение</kwd>
				<kwd>вязкое трение</kwd>
				<kwd>дисперсия фазовой скорости</kwd>
				<kwd>коэффициент затухания</kwd>
				<kwd>тангенс потерь</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>unconsolidated marine sediments</kwd>
				<kwd>intergranular friction</kwd>
				<kwd>viscous dissipation</kwd>
				<kwd>phase velocity dispersion</kwd>
				<kwd>attenuation coefficient</kwd>
				<kwd>loss tangent</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<support-group>
				<funding-group>
					<funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и города Севастополь в рамках научного проекта № 18-42-920001\18.</funding-statement>
				</funding-group>
			</support-group>
			<counts><page-count count="13" /></counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body></body>
	<back>
		<ref-list>
			<ref id="R1"><mixed-citation><italic>Hamilton E.L.</italic> Geoacoustic modeling of the sea floor // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1980. Vol. 68. No. 5. P. 1313–1340.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R2"><mixed-citation><italic>Jackson D.R., Richardson M.D.</italic> High-Frequency Seafloor Acoustics. New York: Springer, 2007.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R3"><mixed-citation><italic>Schock S.G.</italic> A Method for estimating the physical and acoustic properties of the sea bed using chirp sonar data // IEEE J. of Ocean. Eng. 2004. Vol. 29. No. 4. Р. 1200–1217.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R4"><mixed-citation><italic>Kibblewhite A.C.</italic> Attenuation of sound in marine sediments: a review with emphasis on new low frequency data // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1989. Vol. 86. No. 2. P. 716–738.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R5"><mixed-citation><italic>Stoll R.D</italic>. Sediment Acoustics. New York: Springer, 1989.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R6"><mixed-citation><italic>Buckingham M.J.</italic> Wave propagation, stress relaxation, and grain-to-grain shearing in saturated, unconsolidated marine sediments // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2000. Vol. 108. No. 6. P. 2796–2815.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R7"><mixed-citation><italic>Buchanan J. L.</italic> A comparison of broadband models for sand sediments // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2006. Vol. 120. No. 6. P. 3584–3599.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R8"><mixed-citation><italic>Hefner B.T., Williams K.L.</italic> Sound speed and attenuation measurements in unconsolidated glass-bead sediments saturated with viscous pore fluids // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2006. Vol. 120. No. 5. P. 2538–2548.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R9"><mixed-citation><italic>Buckingham M.J.</italic> On pore-fluid viscosity and the wave properties of saturated granular materials including marine sediments // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2007. Vol. 122. No. 3. P. 1486–1501.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R10"><mixed-citation><italic>Chotiros N.P., Isakson M.J.</italic> A broadband model of sandy ocean sediments: Biot-Stoll with contact squirt flow and shear drag // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2004. Vol. 116. No. 4. P. 2011–2022.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R11"><mixed-citation><italic>Kimura M.</italic> Frame bulk modulus of porous granular marine sediments // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2006. Vol. 120. No. 2. P. 699–710.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R12"><mixed-citation><italic>Chotiros N.P., Isakson M.J. </italic>Acoustics of the Seabed as a Poroelastic Medium. Springer Briefs in Oceanography, 2017. 99 p.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R13"><mixed-citation><italic>Зайцев В.Ю., Гурбатов С.Н., Прончатов-Рубцов Н.В. </italic>Нелинейные акустические явления в структурно-неоднородных средах: эксперименты и модели: учеб. пособие. Ниж. Новгород: ИПФ РАН. 2009. 268 с.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R14"><mixed-citation><italic>Bonomo A.L., Chotiros N.P., Isakson M.J.</italic> On the validity of the effective density fluid model as an approximation of a poroelastic sediment layer // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2015. Vol. 138. No. 2. P. 748–757.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R15"><mixed-citation><italic>Holm S., Nasholm S.P.</italic> A causal and fractional all-frequency wave equation for lossy media // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2011. Vol. 130. No. 4. P. 2195–2202.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R16"><mixed-citation><italic>Pandey V., Holm S.</italic> Connecting the grain-shearing mechanism of wave propagation in marine sediments to fractional order wave equations // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2016. Vol. 140. No. 6. P. 4225–4236.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R17"><mixed-citation><italic>Costley R.D., Stern M.</italic> On the drag and virtual mass coefficients in Biot&#039;s equations // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1984. Vol. 76. No. 6. P. 1804–1809.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R18"><mixed-citation><italic>Turgut A</italic>. Acoustic wave propagation through media with arbitrary pore size distributions // J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1988. Vol. 83. No. 5. P. 1744–1750.</mixed-citation></ref>
			<ref id="R19"><mixed-citation><italic>Wang J., Liu B., Kan G. Li G, Zheng J., Meng X.</italic> Frequency dependence of sound speed and attenuation in fine-grained sediments from 25 to 250 kHz based on a probe method // Ocean Engineering. 2018. Vol. 160. 15 July. P. 45–53.</mixed-citation></ref>
		</ref-list>
	</back>
</article>